Overview A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) is a sudden or temporary loss of blood flow to an area of the brain, usually lasting a few minutes to one hour. A TIA is not a stroke, but it may be a warning sign that a stroke is about to occur. Symptoms of a TIA and stroke are often similar. Always call 911 for medical help immediately if you suspect a person is having a TIA or a stroke. A TIA may be related to severe narrowing or blockage or from small pieces of an atherosclerotic plaque breaking off, traveling through the bloodstream, and lodging in small blood vessels in the brain.

Overview Treatments "Head injury" is a broad term that describes a vast array of injuries that occur to the scalp, skull, brain and underlying tissue and blood vessels in the head. Head injuries are commonly referred to as brain injury, or traumatic brain injury (TBI), depending on the extent of the head trauma. The person may have varying degrees of symptoms associated with the severity of the head injury. The following are the most common symptoms of a head injury. However, each individual may experience symptoms differently.

Overview Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a minimally invasive procedure in which a small battery is implanted in the chest. This sends electrical pulses to the vagal nerve in the neck. The goal is to block the faulty brain messages that cause seizures caused by epilepsy. Research shows that about 30 percent of people treated with VNS experience a major improvement in seizure control. Another 30 percent experience some improvement. Most patients who undergo VNS must continue on epilepsy drugs.

Overview Vasospasm is a constriction of the arteries in the brain that can occur after cerebral hemorrhage (bleeding in the brain). After a hemorrhage, blood can break down in the area surrounding the affected artery. The constriction (vasospasm) is a reaction of the arteries to the presence of blood products. It usually occurs five to ten days after the bleeding and can affect up to one third of patients who have had a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Because vasospasm can lead to stroke, it is important to treat the constriction and restore blood flow.

Overview A vertebral compression fracture is a break in one of the bones that make up the spine. When one or more of these bones fracture, they compress and collapse. Vertebral compression fractures are most often caused by osteoporosis, a disease that weakens the body's bones and causes them to lose density, making them prone to fracture. They can also be caused by a spinal tumor. Vertebral compression fractures cause severe back pain and can significantly reduce a patient’s mobility.

Overview Vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat painful vertebral compression fractures. The interventionist inserts a tiny needle into the patient's back, and it is positioned at the collapsed vertebral body using rapid imaging for guidance. Next, a special type of liquid bone cement is injected to fill up the vertebra. The cement hardens within minutes, treating the fracture and strengthening the entire spinal column. Patients usually go home the same day.

Inova Neurosciences utilizes the latest in imaging and interventional testing capabilities for diagnostic accuracy. Angiography Visualizes blood flow throughout the body to diagnose blockages, narrowing, or other defects of the arteries. Angiography can be done using rapid X-rays or magnetic resonance technology (called an MRA). Biopsy of Tumor A biopsy is a procedure during which a sample of tissue is collected to be examined under a microscope.

Specialized neuro care is accessible through any Inova hospital. With all of our hospitals seamlessly and conveniently interconnected to our flagship Inova Fairfax Hospital campus, you are assured of the highest levels of neuro expertise. For information about Inova Neurosciences' programs and services, call 703-776-4700.

Inova Neurosciences Rahul Dave, MD, PhD Medical Director, Inova Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program View Full Profile Dan Dinescu, MD Medical Director, Inova Neurocritical Care Program View Full Profile James M.