Neuroscience

Neurological Conditions and Diseases See All Back and Neck Pain See All Brain and Spinal Cord Injuries See All Brain and Spinal Tumors See All Epilepsy and Seizures See All Multiple Sclerosis  See All Neurological Infections See All Neuromuscular Diseases See All Other Neurological Conditions  See All Parkinson's and Movement Disorders See All Peripheral Nerve Conditions See All  Low Back Pain in Back Pain, Care of the Back Everyone has experienced low back pain at one time or another. Most people can recover from low back pain with home treatment, such as changes in activity, weight loss, quitting smoking, and other steps. Sometimes medicine or surgery is needed. ...more  Pinched Nerve in Back Pain Radiculopathy, commonly called pinched nerve, often occurs in the low back....more  Corticosteroid Shots in Care of the Back Corticosteroid injections can treat many skeletal, muscular, and spinal conditions. Some of these injections can be done by your healthcare provider during a routine clinic visit. Others need a referral to a pain specialist. ...more  Neck Pain in Neck Pain Your neck is at risk for injury because of its location and range of motion. Neck pain can be caused by injury, age, or inflammatory disorders. ...more  Cervical Spondylosis in Neck Pain Cervical spondylosis is a type of arthritis that affects your neck. This condition becomes more common with age, and most people who are older than 60 have it....more  Head Injury in Brain Injuries A head injury is a broad term that describes many injuries that occur to the scalp, skull, brain, and underlying tissue and blood vessels in the head. Head injuries are also commonly referred to as brain injury, or traumatic brain injury (TBI), depending on the extent of the head trauma. ...more  Traumatic Brain Injury in Brain Injuries Acquired brain injury hapens when a sudden, external, physical assault damages the brain. It is one of the most common causes of disability and death in adults....more  Acute Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) in Spine Injuries Car accidents, falls, and other injuries are a common cause of acute spinal cord injury....more  Spinal Cord Compression in Spine Injuries Spinal cord compression can occur anywhere along your spine. Symptoms include numbness, pain, and weakness. ...more  Anatomy of the Brain in About Brain Tumors The brain is an important organ that controls thought, memory, emotion, touch, motor skills, vision, respiration, and every process that regulates your body. ...more  Brain Tumor: Risk Factors in About Brain Tumors Healthcare providers do not know exactly what causes a brain tumor. But certain factors may raise your risk. ...more  Brain Tumors: Chemotherapy in Deciding on Treatment Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells. The medicines attack and kill cells that divide rapidly. Some of these rapidly dividing cells are cancer, but others are normal cells in the body. ...more  Brain Tumors: Radiation Therapy in Deciding on Treatment There are 2 main types of radiation therapy. Healthcare providers can give it from a machine outside the body or from small radioactive pellets placed inside or near the tumor. ...more  Spinal Cord Tumor Overview in About Spinal Tumors A tumor forms when an abnormal cell grows to form a mass of abnormal cells. Spinal cord tumors are tumors that form on the spinal cord or in the area around it. ...more  Epilepsy and Seizures in Epilepsy and Seizures Epilepsy is a brain condition that causes a person to have seizures. It's one of the most common disorders of the nervous system. ...more  Status Epilepticus in Epilepsy and Seizures A seizure that lasts at least 30 minutes is called status epilepticus, or a prolonged seizure. This is a medical emergency that may lead to permanent brain damage or death. Many medical experts become concerned that a seizure is status epilepticus after it lasts 5 to 10 minutes. ...more  Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis is a disease in which the fatty tissue that surrounds the nerves is destroyed. When this happens, the nerves are unable to conduct electrical impulses to and from the brain. It causes muscle weakness, impaired coordination, and fatigue. ...more  Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis in Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease that interferes with your brain's ability to operate your body....more  Bacterial Meningitis in Neurological Infections Bacterial meningitis is an infection of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. It causes headache, stiff neck, and high fever. ...more  Meningitis in Neurological Infections Meningitis is inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain. Meningitis can be caused by either a virus or bacteria. Bacterial meningitis may be life-threatening. ...more  Types of Muscular Dystrophy and Neuromuscular Diseases in Neuromuscular Diseases Muscular dystrophy is a group of inherited diseases that are characterized by weakness and wasting away of muscle tissue, with or without the breakdown of nerve tissue. ...more  Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD) in Children in Neuromuscular Diseases Muscular dystrophy (MD) is an inherited (genetic) disorder of the muscles. It is called a neuromuscular disease. There are several types. Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is a rare type. ...more  Acoustic Neuroma in Other Neurological Conditions Acoustic neuroma is a rare noncancer tumor. It affects hearing and balance when the tumor presses on the nerves in the inner ear. ...more  Bell Palsy in Other Neurological Conditions Bell's palsy is an unexplained episode of facial muscle weakness or paralysis that begins suddenly and worsens over 48 hours. It is caused by a damaged facial nerve. ...more  Parkinson Disease in Parkinson's Disease Parkinson disease is a motor system disorder that causes trembling, stiffness and trouble moving. ...more  Parkinson Disease and Dementia in Parkinson's Disease Parkinson disease is a movement disorder that can cause muscles to tighten and become rigid. It can make it hard to walk and engage in daily activities. ...more  Ataxia in Other Movement Disorders Ataxia means without coordination. People with ataxia lose muscle control in their arms and legs, which may lead to a lack of balance, coordination, and trouble walking. Ataxia may affect the fingers, hands, arms, legs, body, speech, and even eye movements. ...more  Dystonia in Other Movement Disorders Dystonia is a body movement disorder. It causes your muscles to contract, move involuntarily, or get stuck in an abnormal position. ...more  Brachial Neuritis in Peripheral Nerve Conditions Brachial neuritis is nerve damage that affects the chest, shoulder, arm, and hand. It causes pain, weakness and lack of muscle control and lack of feeling in the shoulder or arm. ...more  Brachial Plexus Injuries in Peripheral Nerve Conditions The brachial plexus can be injured in many different ways - from pressure, stress, or being stretched too far. The nerves may also be damaged by cancer or radiation treatment. Sometimes, brachial plexus injuries happen to babies during childbirth. ...more